digital color fundus photographs  (heidelberg engineering)

Journal: Frontiers in Ophthalmology

Article Title: Choroidal Vascularity Index in CHM Carriers

doi: 10.3389/fopht.2021.755058

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Ultra-Widefield (UWF) color fundus imaging and (B) Fundus Autofluorescence (FAF) of the right eye of a 42-year-old CHM female carrier. UWF imaging shows large and irregular hypo-pigmented areas with yellowish deposits at the macula. (C) Long horizontal OCT B-scan at the fovea showing a preserved External Limiting Membrane (ELM) and slight irregularities of the Ellipsoid Zone (EZ) and RPE-Bruch’s membrane complex. (D) 9 mm horizontal OCT scan. The orange line indicates the SFCT. (E) The image was binarized using Niblack’s auto-local threshold to calculate the CVI; the binarization was performed using public domain software “Image J” trough an automated function. The dark pixels represent the luminal area and the white pixels the stromal area. (F) The CVI was calculated as the ratio between the Luminal Area (LA) and the total choroidal area (TCA). After uploading the images on Image J, a polygon tool was used to select the total choroid area (TCA-area between the yellow lines), with the RPE representing the anterior boundary of the TCA and the scleral-choroidal interface as the posterior boundary of the TCA, across the entire length of the scan.

Article Snippet: Moreover, all the patients underwent Fundus Autofluorescence (FAF) and color fundus photographs (ultra-wide-field digital scanning laser technology, Daytona, Optos), Swept Source Optical Coherence Tomography (SS-OCT), and OCT Angiography (Triton, Topcon Medical Systems Inc, Oakland, NJ, USA), Full-Field standard ERG according to ISCEV protocols (RETIMAX, Roland Consult, Brandenburg, Germany), Goldmann Visual Field.

Techniques: Imaging, Membrane, Software

Journal: Frontiers in Ophthalmology

Article Title: Choroidal Vascularity Index in CHM Carriers

doi: 10.3389/fopht.2021.755058

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Ultra-Widefield (UWF) color fundus imaging and (B) Fundus Autofluorescence (FAF) of the right eye of a 51-year-old female CHM carrier. FAF shows a normal appearance of the macula with multiple hypo-autofluorescent areas at the posterior pole and at the mid-periphery. (C) Long horizontal B-scan OCT passing through the fovea showing atrophy of the outer retinal layers (interdigitation zone, ellipsoid zone, outer nuclear layer) and RPE layer at the peripapillary area. (D) 9 mm horizontal B-scan OCT. The orange line indicates the SFCT. (E) The image was binarized using Niblack’s auto-local threshold in order to calculate the CVI. The binarization was performed using public domain software “Image J” through an automated function. The dark pixels represent the luminal area and the white pixels the stromal area. (F) The CVI was calculated as the ratio between the luminal area (LA) and the total choroidal area (TCA). After uploading the images on Image J, a polygon tool was used to select the total choroid area (TCA-area between the yellow lines), with the RPE as the anterior boundary of the TCA and the scleral-choroidal interface as the posterior boundary of the TCA, across the entire length of the scan.

Article Snippet: Moreover, all the patients underwent Fundus Autofluorescence (FAF) and color fundus photographs (ultra-wide-field digital scanning laser technology, Daytona, Optos), Swept Source Optical Coherence Tomography (SS-OCT), and OCT Angiography (Triton, Topcon Medical Systems Inc, Oakland, NJ, USA), Full-Field standard ERG according to ISCEV protocols (RETIMAX, Roland Consult, Brandenburg, Germany), Goldmann Visual Field.

Techniques: Imaging, Software